Data Lab for Social Good PhD workshop

<br><br><br>
.center[.title[.large[Data Lab for Social Good <br> PhD workshop]]]
.sticker-float[![fable](resources/carbs-white-background.jpg)]
.sticker-left[![isf](resources/DLSG.png)]

.bottom[
## Bahman Rostami-Tabar (<svg aria-hidden="true" role="img" viewBox="0 0 512 512" style="height:1em;width:1em;vertical-align:-0.125em;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;font-size:inherit;fill:#1da1f2;overflow:visible;position:relative;"><path d="M459.37 151.716c.325 4.548.325 9.097.325 13.645 0 138.72-105.583 298.558-298.558 298.558-59.452 0-114.68-17.219-161.137-47.106 8.447.974 16.568 1.299 25.34 1.299 49.055 0 94.213-16.568 130.274-44.832-46.132-.975-84.792-31.188-98.112-72.772 6.498.974 12.995 1.624 19.818 1.624 9.421 0 18.843-1.3 27.614-3.573-48.081-9.747-84.143-51.98-84.143-102.985v-1.299c13.969 7.797 30.214 12.67 47.431 13.319-28.264-18.843-46.781-51.005-46.781-87.391 0-19.492 5.197-37.36 14.294-52.954 51.655 63.675 129.3 105.258 216.365 109.807-1.624-7.797-2.599-15.918-2.599-24.04 0-57.828 46.782-104.934 104.934-104.934 30.213 0 57.502 12.67 76.67 33.137 23.715-4.548 46.456-13.32 66.599-25.34-7.798 24.366-24.366 44.833-46.132 57.827 21.117-2.273 41.584-8.122 60.426-16.243-14.292 20.791-32.161 39.308-52.628 54.253z"/></svg>[@Bahman_R_T](https://twitter.com/Bahman_R_T)) <br>
]

---
## About Data Lab for Social Good

- Our mission at Data Lab is to create a .remember[nurturing environment] to .remember[maximise PhD students' potential] as independent researcher and as human being. 
- The vision is to establish the Data Lab for Social Group as one of .remember[leading PhD research groups in Europe by 2030].

.pull-left[
We aim to achieve this by educating at least 20 PhD graduates by 20230 who are recognised for :
  
  - .small[knowledge and skills],
  - .small[rigorous methodologies],
  - .small[contributions to social good],
  - .small[producing high-quality research].

]

.pull-right[
The goal is for .remember[70% of our PhD graduates] to secure industry positions or academic jobs at universities ranked higher than their PhD University within one year of completing their PhD.

]

---

.pull-left[
### Why should I Care?
- Create a space where we can thrive both academically and as an individual
- Develop standards and principlesas reseracher and individual
- Develop as independent researchers
- Ambitious and impactful goals
- Commitment to Social Good: contribute to solve real challenges
]

.pull-right[
### Why you should care?
- Your career success
- Enhance your academic reputation
- Developing a versatile skill set
- Contributing to social good adds meaning to the hard work and challenges of a PhD
- Educate future generation of researchers
]

???

Holistic Development of Researchers: The focus on creating a nurturing environment for PhD students recognizes that students are not just researchers, but also human beings. This approach shows a genuine commitment to supporting your personal and professional growth, creating a space where you can thrive both academically and as an individual. By fostering a supportive atmosphere, Data Lab acknowledges the challenges of PhD research and aims to make the journey as enriching and balanced as possible.

Ambitious and Impactful Goals: The vision to become one of Europe’s leading PhD research groups by 2030 is ambitious, positioning the Data Lab for Social Group as a leader in academic excellence. This aspiration aligns with the pursuit of high standards and motivates everyone involved to strive for greatness. By setting a high bar, the Data Lab not only aims for success in the field but also encourages you to be part of a high-impact, forward-looking community.

Commitment to Social Good: With a clear focus on social good, the mission highlights the importance of research that goes beyond academic circles. It emphasizes a dedication to using knowledge and expertise to solve real-world problems, making your work meaningful and relevant to society. This connection to social impact can give you a deeper sense of purpose in your research journey.

Career Advancement: The goal for 70% of PhD graduates to secure industry or academic positions at universities ranked higher than their PhD institution within a year is directly tied to your career success. It signals a commitment to equipping you with the skills, knowledge, and networks necessary to thrive in competitive job markets. If you’re looking for an environment that actively supports your career aspirations, Data Lab is making it clear that it is invested in your future.

High-Quality Research and Recognition: Being part of a group dedicated to producing high-quality, impactful research published in leading journals can enhance your academic reputation. It opens doors to future opportunities, from prestigious postdoc positions to top industry roles, by ensuring that your work is recognized for its rigor and significance. Being educated in an environment with high standards also raises your own expectations, setting you up for a future of continuous improvement.

Comprehensive Skill Development: The emphasis on rigorous methodologies, knowledge, and skills means you will not only be gaining expertise in your field but also developing a versatile skill set. This approach prepares you for diverse career paths, whether in academia, industry, or beyond. It makes you a well-rounded candidate who is adaptable to various professional environments.

Contributing to a Greater Cause: Knowing that your research is contributing to social good adds meaning to the hard work and challenges of a PhD. It’s not just about earning a degree; it’s about being part of a community that values the impact of its research on society. This can provide you with a sense of fulfillment and motivation, especially during the more demanding phases of your PhD.

---
class: middle center
## Ask your questions here

.large[https://www.menti.com/alr6xwrfmo6j]

---
background-image: url("resources/hierarchy-left.jpeg")
background-size: contain
background-position: left
class: middle

.pull-right2[
## Outline

- Understanding the PhD Journey

- Effective organisation & admin

- Developing good research habits

- Networking

- Provide and receive critiques

- DL4SG activities

- Mental health and well-being

- Q&A and wrap-up

]

---
background-image: url("resources/hierarchy-left.jpeg")
background-size: contain
background-position: left
class: middle

.pull-right2[
## Outline

- .remember[Understanding the PhD Journey]

- Effective organisation & admin

- Developing good research habits

- Networking

- Provide and receive critiques

- DL4SG activities

- Mental health and well-being

- Q&A and wrap-up

]

---
## What a Ph.D. is?

.footnote[Source: https://matt.might.net/articles/phd-school-in-pictures/]

---
class: center middle
## Why reserach?

???
It may be too late for my mom, but it's not too late for other moms

Even one person suffering is one person too many.

---
## Why Operational Research / Management Science / Operations Managemnt & Supply Chain?

.pull-right[<img src="figure/phdworkshop/ms-or.png" width ="600px" >]

.pull-left[
- In a world of .remember[uncertainty], every .remember[decision] matters.
- The right .remember[decisions]—based on .remember[informed analysis]—can have .remember[far-reaching impacts].
- Transform .remember[data] into .remember[smart decisions] for a .remember[better world] is critical.
- The only way to .remember[advance this field] is by .remember[doing science].
- And, the best way to .remember[do science] is .remember[through graduate students].
]

???

Why Operational Research?
If you zoom in on the edge of human knowledge in the realm of data-driven decision-making, there’s something just out of reach: the ability to transform overwhelming complexity into clear, life-saving choices.

We turned to Operational Research and Management Science after understanding how crucial it is to translate raw data into meaningful actions. Whether during a disaster, in a fragile healthcare system, or managing a disrupted supply chain, or in transition to sustainability—the right decision can save lives. Every decision counts, and every misstep can cost dearly.

While the challenges may seem daunting, the solutions are within reach—if we make the right decisions based on solid analysis. Even a single inefficiency in delivering aid or managing resources is one too many. Operational Research gives us the tools to break through those challenges, providing the answers we need in critical moments.

From optimizing emergency response to ensuring that vital supplies reach those who need them most, Operational Research gives us the tools to solve humanity's toughest challenges. In these moments, we’re not just analyzing numbers—we’re making decisions that impact lives.

The only way to solve these kinds of problems is through scientific methods that optimize decisions.

And, the best way to drive innovation and smart decision-making is through cultivating talented researchers and professionals in the field.

The key to solving these life-threatening problems lies in scientific methods that optimize decision-making. And the best way to advance this field is by nurturing the next generation of innovators and problem-solvers, who will be ready when it matters most.

---
## Science and knowledge

- What is Science: .remember[ a procedure to update knowledge.]

Different types of knowledge:

- .remember[Scientific knowledge]: This is knowledge derived from systematic observation, experimentation, and reasoning. It’s typically developed through formal research, testing, and peer-reviewed processes. 
- .remember[Indigenous knowledge]: This refers to the wisdom, practices, and understandings developed by local and indigenous communities over generations.
- .remember[Practical knowledge]: Also known as practical or tacit knowledge, this is gained through personal experience, practice, and interaction with the world.

---
## Choosing your topic
Your future , in part, depends on the choice you make at the beginning: the topic of study, research questions, design, etc <br>
Take your time (2-4 months)

- .remember[Fundamental significance]: How fundamental the question is.
- .remember[Society relevance]: Pose within real (grand) challenges
- .remember[Novelty]: Change the conversation
- .remember[Curiosity]: catching and holding attention, surprises, not guessing result or ending
- .remember[Scope] - is it scalable?
- .remember[implications for practice]: what insights can offer to practice.

---
## Research topic evaluation

.pull-left[
<img src="figure/phdworkshop/topic.png" width ="550px" >
]

---
## Societal relevance

.pull-left[
.remember[Societal relevance]: .small[What real-world problem does this research address? Does the research aim to solve a pressing issue or address a recognized challenge in society? Does the research contribute to grand challenges such as those highlighted on Doughnut Economy or UN Sustainable Development Goals? Who benefits from the results? Is there a current demand for solutions in this area? Is the topic discussed in mainstream media, public forums, or social media? Will the research produce findings that could be implemented in real-world settings (e.g., new technologies, policies, or practices)?]
]

.pull-right[
<img src="figure/phdworkshop/SDG.png" width ="450px" >
]

---
## Fundamental Significance

.remember[Fundamental Significance]: How Fundamental is the question? Could the answer challenge, refine, or extend existing theories or models? Will the findings change how scientists, practitioners, or even the public view a particular problem or concept? Is the question relevant to multiple disciplines, or does it have broad implications beyond its immediate context making them relevant to other contexts, populations, or situations? Is this a question that persist(ed) over time and will be relevant over time?

---
## Scientific Contribution

.remember[Scientific Contribution]: How does this research contribute to advancing the field? Does it fill a gap in the existing literature? What new knowledge, methods, or theories might emerge from this work? Can the findings challenge current assumptions or establish new principles in the field? How answering the question influence future research directions? Are there leading researchers, conferences, or journals in the field that consider this topic important?

???

1. Addresses Core Principles or Concepts
Does the question target the basic principles, mechanisms, or theories in the field?
Is it about understanding the underlying causes, origins, or nature of a phenomenon rather than just describing it?
Will answering this question lead to deeper insights into how something fundamentally works?
2. Potential to Shift Paradigms or Change Understanding
Could the answer challenge, refine, or extend existing theories or models?
Does it have the potential to lead to new frameworks or ways of thinking in the discipline?
Will the findings change how scientists, practitioners, or even the public view a particular problem or concept?
3. Relevance Across Multiple Areas or Applications
Is the question relevant to multiple disciplines, or does it have broad implications beyond its immediate context?
Can the answers help solve a range of problems or inform other areas of research?
Does it form the basis for many other research questions or practical applications?
4. Stands the Test of Time
Is this a question that has persisted over time, indicating that it is a deep and challenging issue within the field?
Will it continue to be relevant even as scientific knowledge and technology advance?
Is it linked to enduring scientific debates or philosophical questions in the discipline?
5. Guiding Questions for Evaluating Fundamental Significance
Why does this question matter in the grand scheme of the field?
Would solving this question fill a major gap in knowledge?
How would answering this question help build a more comprehensive understanding of the topic?
Can this question be linked to broader theories or principles?
Would the research potentially lay the groundwork for new methods, technologies, or scientific advances?

]

---
class: center
<img src="figure/phdworkshop/topic-high.png" width ="550px" >

---
## Research Design

Research design .remember[impacts] the degree of .remember[confidence] reader or audience of your research can place in the .remember[findings, and conclusions]

- Match research questions to research design
- Access to organisations, people, rich data
- Sample and setup
- Considering uncertainty, variability, change

---
## Priorities during PhD

.pull-left[
- (Deep) learning
- Critical thinking: ask the right questions, challenge assumptions
- Practicing science (with integrity)
- Networking
- Build resilience and adaptability
- Build standards and principles (create your brand)
]

.pull-left[
- Publishing
- Presentation
- Training
- Awards
- Having fun
]

???
1. Deep Learning and Expertise
The primary goal of a PhD is to become an expert in a specific field. This involves mastering the literature, methodologies, and theories relevant to your research area. Building a deep understanding of your subject is crucial.
2. Critical Thinking and Problem-Solving
Developing the ability to think critically and approach problems from multiple perspectives is essential. PhD students should prioritize learning how to ask the right questions, challenge assumptions, and analyze data in a rigorous, thoughtful way.

3. Practicing Science with Integrity and Original Contribution
Prioritize rigor and integrity in your scientific practice. This means conducting research with transparency, honesty, and adherence to ethical standards. A PhD is an opportunity to develop as a responsible scientist, ensuring that your methods, results, and interpretations are reliable and reproducible.

A core purpose of a PhD is to produce original research that advances knowledge in your field. Focus on identifying gaps in the literature and designing research that addresses those gaps in innovative ways.

4.Providing Solutions to Real-World Needs
Prioritize research that addresses real-world challenges and provides practical solutions. Whether through applied science, policy implications, or direct innovation, focus on creating knowledge that meets societal, environmental, or technological needs. This ensures that your research contributes to meaningful change beyond the academic sphere.

Contributing to Societal Impact
While advancing academic knowledge is important, consider how your research can have real-world applications or contribute to solving societal challenges. Align your work with broader goals, such as sustainability, social equity, or technological innovation, when possible.

5. Networking
Building a network of peers, mentors, and collaborators is essential for academic and professional growth. Engage with others in your field, seek feedback, and participate in collaborative projects where possible.

6. Resilience and Adaptability
The PhD journey is challenging, with setbacks often along the way. Developing resilience, perseverance, and adaptability is crucial for overcoming obstacles and staying motivated over the long term.

---
## Role and responsibility of a PhD researcher
The PhD researcher’s core responsibility is to .remember[lead] and .remember[execute] original research that advances knowledge in their field, while simultaneously .remember[cultivating the expertise] required for a future as an .remember[independent researcher].

.pull-left[
### Core reponsibility
- Identifying research gaps
- Formulating research questions
- Developing methodologies
- Collecting and analyzing data
- Drawing meaningful conclusions
- Writing and publishing
- Disseminate and communication
]

.pull-right[
### Complementary responsibility
- Project management
- Time and self-management
- Professional development
- Teaching skills
- Contributing to the academic community life
- Networking
- Maintaining a work-life balance
]

???

11. Time and Self-Management
Responsibility: PhD researchers must independently manage their time and workload effectively. Balancing research, writing, teaching, and personal responsibilities requires strong time management and self-discipline.
12. Contributing to the Academic Community
Role: PhD researchers should contribute to academic life by attending and contributing to seminars, conferences, journal clubs, and discussions. This builds their profile in the academic community and supports the overall development of their discipline.

Maintaining a Work-Life Balance
Role: While managing academic responsibilities is key, maintaining personal well-being and avoiding burnout is just as important. PhD researchers need to manage stress, take care of their mental and physical health, and find a balance between their research work and personal life.

Professional Development
Responsibility: Engaging in professional development activities, such as attending workshops, learning new skills, or participating in training programs, is important for career growth. A PhD researcher should be proactive in developing both academic and transferable skills.

7. Teaching and Mentorship (if applicable)
Responsibility: Many PhD researchers take on teaching responsibilities, such as leading undergraduate tutorials, supervising lab work, or assisting in grading. Some may also mentor junior students or peers, sharing knowledge and guiding them in their research journeys.

---
## Role and responsibility of supervisors
to guide the student in designing, conducting, and completing their research project.

.pull-left[
### Core reponsibility
- Supporting independence
- Providing regular feedback
- Check & validate the scientific rigour of the work
- Monitoring progress and setting milestones
- Support professional development
- Ensuring research integrity and ethics
- Support writing and publication
]

.pull-right[
### Complementary responsibility
- Providing emotional support
- Facilitating access to resources
- Navigating administrative requirements
- Introduction to networks
- Career guidance
- Support in grant and awards
]

---
background-image: url("resources/hierarchy-left.jpeg")
background-size: contain
background-position: left
class: middle

.pull-right2[
## Outline

- Understanding the PhD Journey

- .remember[Effective organisation & admin]

- Developing good research habits

- Networking

- Provide and receive critiques

- DL4SG activities

- Mental health and well-being

- Q&A and wrap-up

]

---
## Email management

.pull-left[
### Stay organised
- Prioritize emails
    - Use categories or labels
- Create folders for organization
- Use flags for follow-up
- Practice inbox zero
- Use auto-reply when you're away
]

.pull-right[
### Create good habits
- Set specific times for checking emails
- Don't start your day with emails
- When writing emails, keep them brief and to the point
- Respond in a timely manner
- Never respond to difficult emails immediately
- Do not install work email on your phone
]

???
 Respond in a Timely Manner
Aim to respond to emails within a reasonable timeframe (e.g., 24-48 hours). If a full response requires more time, consider sending a brief acknowledgment and letting the sender know when they can expect a more detailed reply.

---
## PhD meeting, preparation and follow-up

### Before the meeting

- check if the meeting is in-person, online or hybrid
- Review previous feedback and action items
- Prepare a progress report (presentation, code, report, etc)
  - The first slide should be a table with the following columns:
      - action
      - responsible
      - status
      - deadline
  - last slide of presentation: plan for the next meeting
- Organize any necessary materials
- Make sure everything is ready to share
- Prepare a list of specific issues or questions you need feedback on
---
## PhD meeting, preparation and follow-up
### During the meeting

- Be ready 10 minutes before the start of the meeting
- Present progress clearly
- Be open to feedback and criticism
- Discuss specific issues or questions you need feedback on
- Take detailed notes (or record the meeting)
- Confirm next steps and deadlines

---
## PhD meeting, preparation and follow-up
### After the meeting

- Don't delay actions, if something takes 2 minutes to do, why we should wait 2 days 
- Summarize key points and include it in the Log meeting document
- Review and reflect on feedback
- Update your action plan
- Clarify unresolved issues via email, if required
- Include a summary in the meeting log

---
## Communication channel
### We use Slack
- Organized and structured communication: Channels for Specific Topics
- Real-Time communication and direct messaging
- Sharing code, get help to fix issues
- Asking questions and sharing technical knowledge
- Searchable conversations
- File Sharing

---
## File organisation-Use cloud

### OneDrive (for forms, admin, and file sharing)
Centralized storage for administrative documents: Use OneDrive to keep all important forms, official documents, and administrative files organized in one place.

### GitHub (for PhD research)
Efficient version control and collaborative research management: GitHub allows you to systematically track changes in your research projects, including code, data analysis scripts, journal correspondence, and written documents using Quarto

---
## File organisation

.pull-left[
<img src="figure/phdworkshop/file_organise.jpg" width ="650px" >
]

.pull-right[
- Keep your desk clean
- Keep desktop and downloads folders empty in your computer
- Use clear, descriptive file and folder Names
- Regularly review and delete your files, if not necessary.
]

---
## File organisation

.pull-left[
- Example structure:
    - administration
    - teaching
    - funding
    - award
    - training
    - temporary_files
]

.pull-right[
    - research
      - data
      - codes
      - papers
      - image
      - result
      - correspondence
      - presentation
]

---
background-image: url("resources/hierarchy-left.jpeg")
background-size: contain
background-position: left
class: middle

.pull-right2[
## Outline

- Understanding the PhD Journey

- Effective organisation & admin

- .remember[Developing good research habits]

- Networking

- Provide and receive critiques

- DL4SG activities

- Mental health and well-being

- Q&A and wrap-up

]

---
## Citing & reference management

.pull-left[
### [Zotero](https://www.zotero.org/)
Set up account at www.zotero.org
Download from mendeley.com <br>

<img src="figure/phdworkshop/zotero.png" width ="500px" >
]

.pull-right[
### [Zotero Connector](https://chromewebstore.google.com/detail/zotero-connector/ekhagklcjbdpajgpjgmbionohlpdbjgc?pli=1)
<img src="figure/phdworkshop/zotero_addin.png" width ="500px" >
]

---
## Reproducibility

.pull-left[

❌ Data edited in a spreadsheet

❌ Data and analysis colour coded

❌ Click and point analysis

❌ Copy and paste graphs and tables

❌ Tables typed by hand
]

.pull-right[
✅ All data edits scripted

✅ All analysis scripted

✅ Graphs and tables automatically pulled in to the thesis or papers

✅ Tables generated with scripts or read from csv/xls files
]

---
## Reproducibility

Someone (or your future self) should be able to reproduce your thesis without having to guess what software you had installed, what versions, which files do what, etc.

- Stay organized.
- One system for doing this using R or python or both is to write your thesis in
an Rmarkdown or Quarto file.
Track software versions

---
## Version control

- thesis_v1, thesis_v2, etc., is not adequate version control.
- You need to track changes over time, have a remote repository, and be able to roll back as required.
- Your repository should contain everything required to produce your thesis including computer code, references, writing.
- Your repository should have an obvious structure and be fully documented.
- .remember[Github] solves these problems
- Read “Happy git with R”: happygitwithr.com

---
## Version control with git

- .remember[RStudio] integrates with github, so version control built in.
- But github can be used with any text-based language including Python, LaTeX, R, Rmarkdown, Quarto,
markdown, etc.

- Git allows you to:
  - track changes
  - experiment in branches
  - undo

- Github provides:
  - backup and restore
  - synchronization

---
## Writing 
### Microsoft word

❌ Impossible to do proper version control

❌ Poor formatting of equations

❌ Impossible to make reproducible

❌ More difficult to automate cross-referencing, numbering

❌ Files more likely to be corrupted

❌ With One Drive , even worse

---
## Writing 
### Quarto

✅  Combines R, Python , plain text and LaTeX into one system, reference management

✅  One tool to do all , writing, analysis, version control, file sharing, etc

✅  Render files to pdf, word, html, and latex formats

✅  Reproducible research

✅  See quarto.org for help

---
## Writing 
### Overleaf

- Real-time collaboration

- Simplified LaTeX editing

- Wide range of templates

- Automatic version control

---
## Presentation

.pull-left[
- Create slides using Quarto/Rmarkdown in R or Python or use Beamer in latex
- Tailor the content to the audience
- Tell a story and follow a logical structure from problem, to questions, to method to finding
- Use visuals (images, diagrams, etc) effectively, and reduce the text
- Include a strong conclusion: key takeaways, Highlight contributions, Future work and next Steps
]

.pull-right[
- Practice, Practice, Practice
- You need to present in DL4SG research seminar before presenting it outside, in conferences, etc
- Before each presentation, you need to practice it 10-15 times
  - you can record it and watch it later or practice in front of a mirror
- Engage the audience
- Anticipate questions
]

---
## AI tools to support reserach

.pull-left[
- Search engine
    - https://consensus.app/
    
- Literature review
    - https://www.connectedpapers.com/
    - https://www.researchrabbit.ai/
    - https://inciteful.xyz/
    - https://scispace.com/
]

.pull-right[
- Writing Assistance
  - ChatGPT (by OpenAI)
  - Claude: https://claude.ai/new
  - https://notebooklm.google.com/

- Turn text to viual
    - https://www.napkin.ai/
]

???
https://www.connectedpapers.com/

https://www.researchrabbit.ai/

https://inciteful.xyz/

https://www.litmaps.com/

https://elicit.com/

Your platform to explore and explain papers. 
https://scispace.com/

-  ChatGPT (by OpenAI)
- Claude: https://claude.ai/new
- QuillBot
- https://www.yomu.ai/

https://www.lateral.io/
- https://notebooklm.google.com/

- Turnitin

Copilot
https://copilot.microsoft.com/

Visual Note-Taking with ClioVis
https://cliovis.com/

https://jenni.ai/

turn text to visual
https://www.napkin.ai/

---
## Transparency & ethics

- Always conduct research and present findings truthfully, without fabrication, falsification, or selective reporting.
- Be transparent about your research methodologies, including the tools, techniques, and processes you use.
- Ensure that research involving human subjects, or sensitive data is conducted ethically, with respect for privacy and rights. Get approval early!
- Be accountable for your research and ensure that others can reproduce your results.
- Give proper acknowledgment and credit to all contributors, collaborators, and prior research.

---
background-image: url("resources/hierarchy-left.jpeg")
background-size: contain
background-position: left
class: middle

.pull-right2[
## Outline

- Understanding the PhD Journey

- Effective organisation & admin

- Developing good research habits

- .remember[Networking]

- Provide and receive critiques

- DL4SG activities

- Mental health and well-being

- Q&A and wrap-up

]

---
## Importance of networking

- Access to opportunities
    - Opens doors to academic collaborations, job prospects, and funding opportunities
    - Building relationships and find allies

- Knowledge sharing and feedback
  - enhance research quality and broaden perspectives.

- Publish in top journal
- Establish partnership with organisations

---
## Journal publication

.pull-left[
### First choice-FT 50
Journal of Operations Management,
Management Science,
Manufacturing and Service Operations Management,
MIS Quarterly,
Operations Research,
Production and Operations Management,
Academy of Management Journal,
Information Systems Research,
Journal of Business Ethics,
Journal of Consumer Research,
Journal of Management Information Systems,
Research Policy,
Sloan Management Review,
Harvard Business Review
]

.pull-right[
### Second choice
Journal of Service Research,
European Journal of Operational Research,
Naval Research Logistics,
Decision Sciences,
Journal of the Operational Research Society,
Omega,
Computers and Operations Research,
Decision Support Systems,
Transportation Science,
International Journal of Operations & Production Management,
Journal of Supply Chain Management
INFROMS Journals
]

---
## Journal publication
## Third choice

International Journal of Production Research, 
Journal of Business Logistics,
International Journal of Production Economics,
Health Care Management Science,
Journal of Health Service Research,
Annals of Operations Research,
International Journal of Production Economics,
International Journal of Production Research,
Health Systems,
Production Planning and Control,
IMA Management Mathematics,
Health Policy,
Health Care Management Review

---
## Conferences

- [INFORMS annual meeting](https://www.informs.org/Meetings-Conferences/INFORMS-Conference-Calendar)
- [POMS annual conference](https://www.poms.org/conferences)
- [International Symposium on Forecasting](https://forecasters.org/events/symposium-on-forecasting/)
- [International Federation of Operational Research Societies](https://www.ifors2026.at/home/)
- [Association of European Operational Research Societies](https://www.euro-online.org/web/pages/100/conferences)
- [EUROMA](https://www.euroma-online.org/future-events/)
- [Operational Research (OR) Society Conference](https://www.theorsociety.com/ORS/ORS/Events/Events-calendar.aspx)

---
## Profesional society memebrship

- [Operational Research (OR) Society](https://www.theorsociety.com/ORS/Membership/Full-Membership.aspx?hkey=484e0002-6932-4b04-8bd3-0313223b7b72)
- [INFORMS](https://www.informs.org/About-INFORMS/Member-Benefits/Join-INFORMS-and-or-INFORMS-Communities)
- [International Institute of Forecasters](https://forecasters.org/membership/)
- [Euro young](https://euroyoung.eu/)
- [Association of European Operational Research Societies](https://www.euro-online.org/web/pages/100/conferences)

---
## Your profile

- Your Cardiff University profile
- Personal websit (use Quarto and Netlify)
- Your Linkedin page
- Your Github page

---
## Funding

- School or section travel grants
- Professional association grants (IIF, INFORMS, etc)
- Funder's (WGSSS, EPSRC) grant
- Even organizer's grant
- National or Government-Funded Grants

---
background-image: url("resources/hierarchy-left.jpeg")
background-size: contain
background-position: left
class: middle

.pull-right2[
## Outline

- Understanding the PhD Journey

- Effective organisation & admin

- Developing good research habits

- Networking

- .remember[Provide and receive critiques]

- DL4SG activities

- Mental health and well-being

- Q&A and wrap-up

]

---
## Critique

A critique is an evaluation of your work that highlights both strengths and areas for improvement. It helps .remember[identify gaps or weaknesses] you might have .remember[missed].

We must embrace critique, why?

- A willingness to learn and evolve,
- Encourages intellectual growth and skill development,
- Pushes you to think critically, 
- Improve your arguments,
- Strengthen your work, 
- Making you a better researcher and individual.

---
## Handling critique

.pull-left[
### Presentation
- Listen actively and stay .remember[open-minded]
- Engage with the audience, .rememberdon’t rush to defend]
- Take Notes
- Ask clarifying questions
- Reflect and prioritize
- .remember[Separate] personal .remember[feelings] from professional .remember[feedback]
]

.pull-right[
### Paper
- critique is about your work
- Take time to read the feedback
- Break down the feedback into categories—e.g., structure, argument clarity, or methodological issues
- Acknowledge valid points, but stand your ground when necessary
- Stay patient and view each revision as an opportunity to strengthen your work.
- Stay professional and grateful
- Use critique for future papers
]

???
Listen Actively and Stay Open-Minded: During critiques, focus on understanding the feedback rather than reacting defensively. Listening with an open mind allows you to fully grasp constructive suggestions that can improve your work.

Engage with the Audience: If critiques arise during the Q&A session, engage with the audience by acknowledging their points and offering thoughtful responses. Don’t rush to defend; instead, view questions as an opportunity to clarify or expand on your ideas.

Ask Clarifying Questions: If feedback isn’t clear or seems contradictory, ask polite, clarifying questions. This will not only help you better understand the critique but also show your willingness to engage and improve.

Separate Personal Feelings from Professional Feedback: Critiques are about the work, not you as a person. Avoid taking feedback personally. Instead, view it as an opportunity to improve the quality of your research or presentation.

Reflect and Prioritize: After receiving feedback, take time to reflect on the points made. Prioritize which critiques are most relevant to your work and make a plan to address them, while understanding that you don’t have to implement every suggestion.

---
## Ground rules for giving critiques

- .remember[Be Constructive]: Focus on providing helpful, actionable feedback rather than simply pointing out flaws
- .remember[Be specific and objective]: Clearly point out specific aspects of the presentation—whether content, delivery, or format, structure
- .remember[Start with positive feedback]: acknowledge what the presenter did well
- When providing feedback, frame your comments as suggestions for improvement rather than directives
    - "You might consider ...", "It could help to ..."
    - “There seems to be a significant issue with…” or “The methodology might need to be re-evaluated because…”
- .remember[Be Respectful and empathetic]: Critiquing someone’s presentation can be sensitive, so always maintain a respectful and empathetic tone

???

Here are five ground rules for giving critiques in presentations:

1. Be Constructive, Not Critical
Focus on providing helpful, actionable feedback rather than simply pointing out flaws. Frame your suggestions in a way that encourages improvement, such as offering alternative approaches or solutions to any issues you notice.

2. Be Specific and Objective
Avoid vague or overly general comments. Clearly point out specific aspects of the presentation—whether content, delivery, or visuals—that could be improved, and explain why. Keep the critique based on observable facts rather than subjective opinions.

3. Start with Positive Feedback
Acknowledge what the presenter did well before diving into areas for improvement. Starting with positive feedback sets a respectful tone and helps the presenter feel more receptive to the critique.

4. Offer Suggestions, Not Demands
When providing feedback, frame your comments as suggestions for improvement rather than directives. Phrasing feedback as “You might consider…” or “It could help to…” makes the presenter feel more in control of how they wish to apply the advice.

5. Be Respectful and Empathetic
Critiquing someone’s presentation can be sensitive, so always maintain a respectful and empathetic tone. Put yourself in the presenter’s shoes and be mindful of how your feedback might be received, aiming to support their growth rather than discourage them.

---
## Create safe space for feedback in DL4SG

.pull-left[
- Refer to guidelines for providing and receiving feedback
- Active listening
- Create a Culture of enquiry, not Judgment
- Practice empathy
- Encourage balanced feedback
- Assign roles during seminars, such as "feedback lead" or "question asker."
]

.pull-right[
1. .remember[Clarify]: Ask questions to ensure you fully understand the work or presentation before critiquing.
2. .remember[Value]: Start by stating the aspects of the work you find valuable or effective.
3. .remember[Concerns]: Gently express concerns, focusing on areas where the work could be improved.
4. .remember[Suggestions]: Offer specific suggestions for addressing the concerns and improving the work.
]

???

Introduce a feedback framework such as "Compliment-Suggest-Question" to guide members:

Compliment: Start by identifying something positive in the research or presentation.
Suggest: Offer one or more suggestions for improvement in a constructive manner.
Question: Ask questions to clarify understanding or explore areas that may need further explanation or development.

---
background-image: url("resources/hierarchy-left.jpeg")
background-size: contain
background-position: left
class: middle

.pull-right2[
## Outline

- Understanding the PhD Journey

- Effective organisation & admin

- Developing good research habits

- Networking

- Provide and receive critiques

- .remember[DL4SG activities]

- Mental health and well-being

- Q&A and wrap-up

]

---
## DL4SG activities - Research seminars

- Research seminars, organised by Danni Zhang
- Frequency: once a month
- Invite external speakers
- You should present at least once a month
- You should present before going to a conference

.large[Who can help Danni with organisation?]

---
## DL4SG activities - Mind Quest
### Reading- Questions-search-think-respond, led by ...

- Collect questions and possible answers via Slack
- Separate technical and non-technical questions
- Collaborative problem-solving and knowledge sharing.
- Promote inclusivity and open discussion

.large[Can you suggest a name that describe these activities in your language?]
.large[Who can manage this?]

???
Prepare Questions or Topics: Prior to each meeting, collect questions via Slack, from group members. You could use Slack where members can submit their questions.

Categorize Topics: Separate technical and non-technical questions. This will help structure the discussion and ensure that the focus stays balanced. If needed, dedicate separate time blocks in the meeting to address each type.
Prioritize: If there are a lot of questions, prioritize based on urgency, relevance, or the number of people affected by the issue. This ensures the most pressing matters are addressed first.

Rotate Meeting Roles
Facilitator/Moderator: Assign a facilitator to lead each meeting. Rotate this role among members to give everyone a chance to lead and ensure that discussions remain focused and inclusive.
Note-Taker: Designate someone to take notes during the meeting, capturing key takeaways, action points, and answers to the questions discussed. These can be shared afterward to benefit those who couldn’t attend and serve as a record for future reference.

Promote Inclusivity and Open Discussion
Encourage Participation: Ensure that everyone feels comfortable sharing their questions or providing answers. Promote an inclusive atmosphere where no question is seen as too simple or irrelevant.
Ask for Clarifications: If a question or answer is unclear, encourage others to ask for clarifications. This will help ensure that everyone fully understands the topic being discussed.
Be Respectful of Non-Technical Topics: Some members may want to discuss non-technical issues like work-life balance, career development, or soft skills. Dedicate time for these topics, as they are often just as important as technical discussions.

Example Structure for the Meetings:
Welcome and Quick Updates (5-10 minutes)
Announcements or updates on group activities or ongoing projects.
Technical Questions and Problem-Solving (20-30 minutes)
Group members discuss submitted technical questions.
Collaborative problem-solving and knowledge sharing.
Non-Technical Discussion (10-15 minutes)
Address non-technical topics, such as career advice, work culture, or productivity.
Action Points and Closing (5 minutes)
Summarize key takeaways, assign any follow-up tasks, and agree on the agenda for the next meeting.

---
## DL4SG activities - Miri

.three-column[
<img src="figure/phdworkshop/s1.jpg" width ="400px" >
]

.three-column[
<img src="figure/phdworkshop/s2.jpg" width ="400px" >
]

.three-column[
<img src="figure/phdworkshop/3.jpg" width ="400px" >
]

.large[Who can lead this?]

---
## DL4SG activities - Training

- Everyone should be able to deliver a 2 hour training
- We have to craete a list of training needs together
Examples:
  - Introduction to R
  - Introduction to Python
  - Reproducibility with Quarto
  - Creating Shiny Apps

.large[Who can lead this?]

---
## DL4SG activities - Retreat

<br>
.pull-left[
<img src="figure/phdworkshop/exterior.jpg" width ="550px" >
]

.pull-right[
<img src="figure/phdworkshop/river-autumn.jpg" width ="550px" >
]

---
## DL4SG activities - LinkedIn page and mailing list

- An active Linkedin page
- Update the Group University webpage
- Mailing list

.large[Who can lead this?]

---
## DL4SG activities - Resource center

- A folder in One Drive accessed by everyone
- Contains all files we use and create in the group
- You can add relevant files to this

.large[Who can lead this?]

---
background-image: url("resources/hierarchy-left.jpeg")
background-size: contain
background-position: left
class: middle

.pull-right2[
## Outline

- Understanding the PhD Journey

- Effective organisation & admin

- Developing good research habits

- Networking

- Provide and receive critiques

- DL4SG activities

- .remember[Mental health and well-being]

- Q&A and wrap-up

]

---
## Mental health awareness

- Acknowledge the pressure and seek support
- Establish a healthy work-life balance
    - Setting clear work hours, taking regular breaks, and dedicating time to hobbies, social activities, and self-care
- Develop resilience and coping strategies
    - meditation, physical activity, or journaling, etc
- Normalize conversations about Mental Health

???
1. Acknowledge the Pressure and Seek Support
PhD students often face intense pressure to meet academic and research expectations. It's important to recognize when stress levels are becoming unmanageable. Seeking support from peers, supervisors, or mental health professionals can help. Many universities offer counseling services or peer support groups designed specifically for graduate students.

2. Establish a Healthy Work-Life Balance
The demands of a PhD can easily lead to burnout if boundaries between work and personal life are blurred. Setting clear work hours, taking regular breaks, and dedicating time to hobbies, social activities, and self-care can help maintain balance and prevent exhaustion.

3. Normalize Conversations About Mental Health
Openly discussing mental health can reduce stigma and encourage others to share their experiences. In your research group or academic community, promoting discussions on mental well-being and creating safe spaces for people to express their challenges can foster a supportive environment.

4. Develop Resilience and Coping Strategies
The PhD journey is full of ups and downs—rejections, criticism, and setbacks are part of the process. Building resilience through mindfulness, stress-management techniques, and staying connected to your broader purpose can help you navigate challenges. Identifying coping strategies that work for you, like meditation, physical activity, or journaling, is essential for long-term mental well-being.

5. Set Realistic Goals and Manage Expectations
The nature of research can sometimes lead to feelings of uncertainty or self-doubt. Setting small, realistic goals and celebrating incremental progress can boost motivation and reduce feelings of overwhelm. Regularly communicating with your supervisor about your progress and adjusting expectations when needed can prevent unnecessary stress and help keep things in perspective.

---
## Work-life balance

- Set boundaries and stick to a schedule
    - Create a consistent daily or weekly work schedule
    - Avoid emails or work-related messages outside of these hours
- Plan and prioritize tasks
  - focus on high-priority tasks and avoid overcommitting
  - Prioritize completing essential tasks within your set work hours
- Creates a mental distinction between work and relaxation spaces
    - Try to come to Doctoral Space at least 2-3 days a wekk
- Set aside time for hobbies and socializing
- Schedule time to completely unplug from digital devices, especially those that connect you to work (laptops, emails, messaging apps)
- Plan holidays in Advance - you can take up to 6 weeks off  (typically Xmas, Easter, July or August)

???
1. Set Boundaries and Stick to a Schedule
Create a consistent daily or weekly work schedule that includes clear start and stop times. Stick to these boundaries to ensure you have time for personal activities, hobbies, and relaxation.
Avoid checking emails or responding to work-related messages outside of these hours to create a mental separation between work and personal life.
2. Plan and Prioritize Tasks
Use time management tools, like the Pomodoro technique or a task prioritization matrix, to focus on high-priority tasks and avoid overcommitting. Break your workload into manageable chunks and create daily to-do lists.
Prioritize completing essential tasks within your set work hours to reduce the temptation to work late or on weekends.
3. Take Regular Breaks and Practice the 5-Minute Rule
Step away from your desk for short, regular breaks throughout the day. Even a 5-minute break every hour can improve focus and productivity while preventing burnout.
During busy periods, use the "5-minute rule" for self-care: If you're feeling overwhelmed, take just 5 minutes to do something for yourself (e.g., stretch, meditate, or listen to music).
4. Designate a Physical Workspace
If possible, create a dedicated workspace (even if it’s a small corner in your home) that you only use for work. This creates a mental distinction between work and relaxation spaces, helping you “leave work behind” when you step away.
Avoid working in places associated with rest, like your bed or couch, to maintain the mental separation between work and leisure.
5. Set Aside Personal Time for Hobbies and Socializing
Block out personal time on your calendar for activities that help you recharge, whether it's exercise, reading, creative hobbies, or socializing with friends and family.
Treat these personal time slots as non-negotiable appointments to ensure you make space for your own well-being and enjoyment.
6. Learn to Say No and Set Limits on Commitments
It’s important to recognize when you’re taking on too much. Be realistic about how much you can handle and feel comfortable saying “no” or negotiating deadlines when appropriate.
Setting limits on the number of extra projects, side tasks, or social obligations can protect your personal time and mental energy.
7. Unplug and Disconnect Regularly
Schedule time to completely unplug from digital devices, especially those that connect you to work (laptops, emails, messaging apps). This can be during weekends, evenings, or designated "off-screen" days.
Establish tech-free zones or hours where you focus on offline activities and disconnect from the demands of technology.
8. Practice Mindfulness and Stress Management
Incorporating mindfulness practices, such as meditation, yoga, or deep breathing exercises, into your daily routine can help reduce stress and improve focus.
Regularly checking in with yourself to assess stress levels and taking steps to manage them can prevent work-related stress from overwhelming your personal life.
9. Delegate or Share Responsibilities
Don’t hesitate to delegate tasks when appropriate, especially in group projects or collaborations. Sharing the workload reduces personal pressure and ensures that you don’t feel overwhelmed by too many tasks.
10. Plan Time Off in Advance
Make time for vacations or extended breaks by planning them in advance. Inform your supervisors and colleagues about your time off so you can fully disconnect without feeling guilty or anxious about your absence.
Even short getaways or staycations can help you reset and recharge mentally.

---
##  Available support resources

- Talk to DL4SG member when you see signs
- University Counseling Services
- Academic and Career Support Offices
- PhD Peer Support Networks
- External Mental Health Resources

---
background-image: url("resources/hierarchy-left.jpeg")
background-size: contain
background-position: left
class: middle

.pull-right2[
## Outline

- Understanding the PhD Journey

- Effective organisation & admin

- Developing good research habits

- Networking

- Provide and receive critiques

- DL4SG activities

- Mental health and well-being

- .remember[Q&A and wrap-up]

]

---
## Q & A